Nurses’ knowledge on phlebotomy in tertiary hospitals in China: a cross-sectional multicentric survey

Introduction: In China, phlebotomy practice is mostly executed by nurses instead of phlebotomists. Our hypothesis was that these nurses may lack of knowledge on phlebotomy, especially factors influencing quality of blood samples. This study aims to assess the overall nurses’ knowledge on phlebotomy to provide reference for improving blood sampling practice in China. Materials and methods: A survey was conducted involving nurses from 4 regions and 13 hospitals in China. A phlebotomy knowledge questionnaire was designed based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute H3-A6 guidelines, combining with the situations in China. Descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the knowledge level and its influencing factors. Results: A total of 3400 questionnaires were distributed and 3077 valid questionnaires were returned, with an effective return rate of 90.5%. The correct rates of patient identification, hand sanitization, patient assessment, tube mixing time, needle disposing location and tube labelling were greater than 90%. However, the correct rates of order of draw (15.5%), definition of an inversion (22.5%), time to release tourniquet (18.5%) and time to change tube (28.5%) were relatively low. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the correct rates of the aforementioned four questions were mainly related to the regional distribution of the hospitals (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The knowledge level on phlebotomy among Chinese nurses was found unsatisfactory in some areas. An education program on phlebotomy should be developed for Chinese nurses to improve the consistency among different regions and to enhance nurse’s knowledge level on phlebotomy

Corrigendum to: Nurses’ knowledge on phlebotomy in tertiary hospitals in China: a cross-sectional multicentric survey

This is a correction of Biochemia Medica 2018;28(1):010703. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11613/ BM.2018.01070

Experiences of Chinese patients with Crohn's disease in the self-administration of nasogastric feeding: A descriptive qualitative study.

BACKGROUND:Despite the increasing number of Crohn's disease patients self-administering nasogastric feeding as enteral nutrition support therapy, no studies have reported the experiences of self-administering nasogastric feeding from the perspective of these patients. OBJECTIVES:To explore the initial trigger factors for the self-administration of nasogastric feeding by Crohn's disease patients and to understand the experiences of self-administration of nasogastric feeding, its effects on various aspects of life and work, and relevant challenges and coping mechanisms encountered during this therapy in order to improve the understanding of this group of patients among medical staff and the public. DESIGN:This study adopted a descriptive qualitative method. Crohn's disease patients from several tertiary hospitals in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, were recruited to participate through purposive sampling combined with maximum variation and the snowballing technique. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the conventional content analysis method. RESULTS:A total of 11 Crohn's disease patients were interviewed. Four themes and eight subthemes emerged from the analysis: rejecting the self-administration of nasogastric feeding (being afraid of inserting the nasogastric tube, having concerns about nasogastric feeding), accepting the reality of nasogastric feeding (health being the most important, followed by having sources of support), nasogastric feeding as a double-edged sword (the disturbances and efficacies of nasogastric feeding), and nasogastric feeding as a part of life (becoming accustomed to tube insertion and taking nasogastric feeding for granted). CONCLUSIONS:Apart from suffering from physical discomfort, diet and body image disturbances, and inconveniences in daily life, Crohn's disease patients who self-administered nasogastric feeding faced many psychological challenges. Many of these patients eventually adjusted to a life with nasogastric feeding, but not everyone achieved this state. Therefore, health care providers, including physicians and nurses, and the general public should collaborate to help these patients adapt to their "new lives" as soon as possible

Association of Serum Vitamin D With Periodontal Disease

Objective: There are conflicting reports on the relationship between vitamin D and periodontal disease. Our research is intended to further analyse the association between serum 25(OH)D3, a vitamin D precursor and periodontal disease based on a large national survey sample in Japan. Methods: We downloaded the 2009–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycle, which included a total of 23,324 samples. Logistic regression of factors influencing perioral disease including periodntal disease, and subgroup logistic regression were performed to analyse the relationship between serum vitamin D and perioral disease, using WTMEC2YR as weights for regression analysis. Then machine learning model–based prediction of perioral disease onset was performed, and the machine learning algorithms used included boost tree, artificial neural network, AdaBoost, and random forest. Results: We evaluated the vitamin D, age, sex, race, education, marriage, body mass index, ratio of family income to poverty (PIR), smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, and hypertension as variables in the included samples. Vitamin D was negatively associated with perioral disease; compared with Q1, the odds ratios and 95% CI were 0.8 (0.67–0.96) for Q2, 0.84 (0.71–1.00) for Q3, and 0.74 (0.6–0.92) for Q4 (P for trend <.05), respectively. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the effect of 25(OH)D3 on periodontal disease was more pronounced in women younger than 60 years. Based on the accuracy and receiver operating characteristic curve, we concluded that a boost tree was a relatively good model to predict periodontal disease. Conclusions: Vitamin D might be a protective factor for periodontal disease, and boost tree analysis we emplyed was a relatively good model to predict perioral disease

Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants.

<p>Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants.</p

Themes and subthemes of the study.

<p>Themes and subthemes of the study.</p

Mudrocks Lithofacies Characteristics and North-South Hydrocarbon Generation Difference of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongpu Sag

Lacustrine mudrocks are composed of minerals and organic matter (OM). The origin and preservation of OM are two controlling factors of the hydrocarbon generation capacity of mudrocks. It is a key method in source rock research to study the deposition process from the view of the OM and sedimentary environment. Following this idea, the reason for the discrepancy in hydrocarbon production between the northern and the southern part of Dongpu Sag is analyzed and discussed. The lacustrine mudrocks of the Shahejie Formation in Dongpu Sag are sampled and analyzed for information about mineralogy, microstructure, elemental geochemistry, and OM characteristics. The mudrocks are then divided into three lithofacies: silt-rich massive mudstone, homogeneous massive mudstone, and laminated mudstone. Each lithofacies shows distinct characteristics, and the hydrocarbon generation ability of them increases in sequence. Further discussion that the differences in hydrocarbon generation are caused by the sedimentary environment. The water depth, salinity, and reducibility of the sedimentary environments of these three lithofacies increase in sequence, as well. The correlation analysis indicates that it is the environment that controls the origin, accumulation, and preservation of OM in each lithofacies and then causes the great differences in hydrocarbon generation capacity. In Dongpu Sag, the proportion of laminated mudstone is much higher in the northern part, which leads to greater oil/gas production than the southern part. In research of source rocks, both the lithofacies characteristics and the sedimentary environments that control the characteristics should be studied